1-Singleton pregnancy,
2-more than or equal completed 37 gestational weeks,
3-indicated to undergo elective cesarean delivery for various indications e.g., primigravida with breech presentation, macrosomia, intrauterine growth restriction and contracted pelvis,
4-willing to participate in the study. |
1-extreme of age (below 18 ¿ above 40 year),
2-uncooperative patients,
3-previous abdominal scars, including previous cesarean or myomectomy, multiple gestation,
4-BMI >35 kg/m², chorioamnionitis, hypersensitivity or contraindications to lidocaine,
5-bronchial asthma,
6-bleeding diathesis,
7-pregnancy induced-hypertension,
8-liver or kidney diseases,
9-diabetes mellitus,
9-patients with psychological disturbance, 10-any form of chronic pain before or during pregnancy |
|
18 Year(s) |
40 Year(s) |
Female |