Pan African Clinical Trials Registry
South African Medical Research Council, South African Cochrane Centre
PO Box 19070, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
Telephone: +27 21 938 0835 or +27 21 938 0967
Email: pactradmin@mrc.ac.za Website: pactr.samrc.ac.za
Trial no.: PACTR202607770864110 Date of Registration: 07/07/2026
Trial Status: Retrospective registration - This trial was registered after enrolment of the first participant
TRIAL DESCRIPTION
Public title Effects of Acute Manipulation of Carbohydrate Availability (Train-Low Compete-Low vs Train-High Compete-High) on Sprint and Endurance Performance in Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Study
Official scientific title Effects of Acute Carbohydrate Availability on Sprint and Middle-Distance Time-Trial Performance of Young Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Brief summary describing the background and objectives of the trial The availability of carbohydrates is one of the factors that have been known to play a critical role in the effectiveness of endurance and high-intensity training through provision of energy for continued effort. Nevertheless, the effect of carbohydrates on sprint and middle distance performance has not been clearly understood in well-trained individuals. In this randomized crossover study, the effects of two different types of carbohydrate availability-train-low compete-low (overnight fast ≥10 hours) and train-high compete-high (2 g·kg⁻¹ carbohydrate ingestion before exercise)-on middle distance running performance were determined among trained Ethiopian athletes. The participants undertook 800 m, 1500 m, and 3000 m time trial events and 10 m, 30 m, and 40 m sprints using timed gates in both carbohydrate availability conditions after a 10-day washout period.
Type of trial RCT
Acronym (If the trial has an acronym then please provide)
Disease(s) or condition(s) being studied Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Sub-Disease(s) or condition(s) being studied
Purpose of the trial Basic science / physiological performance evaluation
Anticipated trial start date 09/06/2025
Actual trial start date 09/06/2025
Anticipated date of last follow up 02/07/2025
Actual Last follow-up date 02/07/2025
Anticipated target sample size (number of participants) 40
Actual target sample size (number of participants) 24
Recruitment status Completed
Publication URL N/A (results not yet published)
Secondary Ids Issuing authority/Trial register
STUDY DESIGN
Intervention assignment Allocation to intervention If randomised, describe how the allocation sequence was generated Describe how the allocation sequence/code was concealed from the person allocating the participants to the intervention arms Masking If masking / blinding was used
Crossover: all participants receive all interventions in different sequence during study Randomised Simple randomization using a randomization table created by a computer software program Allocation was determined by the holder of the sequence who is situated off site Masking/blinding used Outcome Assessors,Participants
INTERVENTIONS
Intervention type Intervention name Dose Duration Intervention description Group size Nature of control
Control Group Train Low Compete Low an overnight fast of at least 10 hours For 7 days Participants performed exercise testing following an overnight fast of at least 10 hours with no carbohydrate intake prior to exercise, representing low carbohydrate availability. Both study arms were active experimental conditions in a randomized crossover design. Each participant served as their own control, comparing train-low compete-low (overnight fasting ≥10 h) versus train-high compete-high (2 g·kg⁻¹ carbohydrate ingestion). 12 Active-Treatment of Control Group
Experimental Group Train High Compete High 2 g·kg⁻¹ carbohydrate prior to exercise and testing 7 days Participants consumed 2 g·kg⁻¹ carbohydrate prior to exercise testing to ensure high carbohydrate availability before performance trials. 12
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
List inclusion criteria List exclusion criteria Age Category Minimum age Maximum age Gender
1. Age ≥ 18 years 2. Registered middle-distance runners at the Ethiopian Sports Academy 3. Regular participation in structured endurance training 4. Free from injury at the time of testing 5. Willing to provide informed consent 1. Musculoskeletal injury or illness during the testing period 2. Chronic metabolic or cardiovascular disease 3. Non-compliance with dietary protocol 4. Withdrawal of consent Adult: 18 Year(s)-44 Year(s) 18 Year(s) 25 Year(s) Both
ETHICS APPROVAL
Has the study received appropriate ethics committee approval Date the study will be submitted for approval Date of approval Name of the ethics committee
Yes 14/04/2022 College of Natural and Computational Science Inistiutional Review Board Committee
Ethics Committee Address
Street address City Postal code Country
King George VI street Addis Ababa 1176 Ethiopia
OUTCOMES
Type of outcome Outcome Timepoint(s) at which outcome measured
Primary Outcome 800 m runners performed an 800 m time trial. 1500 m runners performed a 1500 m time trial. 3000 m runners performed a 3000 m time trial. 5000 m runners performed a 5000 m time trial Measured during each experimental trial session following completion of the assigned nutritional condition.
Secondary Outcome Sprint performance (10 m, 30 m, and 40 m) Description: Sprint times measured using the Witty Timing System (Microgate S.r.l., Bolzano, Italy). Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Description: Perceived exercise intensity assessed using the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale. Measured during each experimental trial session following completion of the assigned nutritional condition.
RECRUITMENT CENTRES
Name of recruitment centre Street address City Postal code Country
Ethiopian Sports Academy Bole Ring Road, Near to Eperial Hotel Addis Ababa 21694 Ethiopia
FUNDING SOURCES
Name of source Street address City Postal code Country
Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Addis Ababa 1076 Ethiopia
Ethiopian Sports Academy Bole Ring Road Eperial Hotel Addis Ababa 21694 Ethiopia
SPONSORS
Sponsor level Name Street address City Postal code Country Nature of sponsor
Primary Sponsor Addis Ababa University 6 killo Addis Ababa Ethiopia University
Secondary Sponsor Ethiopian Sports Academy Bole Ring Road Addis Ababa Ethiopia Government Institution
COLLABORATORS
Name Street address City Postal code Country
Ethiopian Sports Academy Bole Ring Road Addis Ababa Ethiopia
CONTACT PEOPLE
Role Name Email Phone Street address
Principal Investigator Daniel Bekele dafphysio21@gmail.com +251913605843 Bole Ring Road
City Postal code Country Position/Affiliation
Addis Ababa Ethiopia Coach and Researcher at Ethiopian Sports Academy
Role Name Email Phone Street address
Public Enquiries Amensisa Kebede esaresearch488@gmail.com +251911179328 Bole Ring road
City Postal code Country Position/Affiliation
Addis Ababa Ethiopia Secretary General Ethiopian Athletics Federation
Role Name Email Phone Street address
Scientific Enquiries Zeru Tola tolazeru@gmail.com +251911458414 Algeria St
City Postal code Country Position/Affiliation
Addis Ababa Ethiopia Assistant Professor
REPORTING
Share IPD Description Additional Document Types Sharing Time Frame Key Access Criteria
Yes De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this study, including outcome measures and supporting data dictionary information, will be available upon reasonable request to the corresponding investigator. Data will be shared after publication of the study findings and following review and approval of a methodologically sound research proposal. Requests must comply with applicable ethical and institutional requirements to protect participant confidentiality. Clinical Study Report,Study Protocol Beginning upon publication of the study results and continuing for five years thereafter. De-identified participant data will be available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request, subject to review and approval of a scientifically and ethically appropriate research proposal.
URL Results Available Results Summary Result Posting Date First Journal Publication Date
No
Result Upload 1: Result Upload 2: Result Upload 3: Result Upload 4: Result Upload 5:
Result URL Hyperlinks Link To Protocol
Result URL Hyperlinks
Changes to trial information
Section Name Field Name Date Reason Old Value Updated Value
Trial Information Public title 28/07/2026 PACTR Admin Effects of Acute Carbohydrate Availability on Sprint and Middle-Distance Time-Trial Performance in Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Trial Effects of Acute Manipulation of Carbohydrate Availability (Train-Low Compete-Low vs Train-High Compete-High) on Sprint and Endurance Performance in Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Study
Section Name Field Name Date Reason Old Value Updated Value
Trial Information Official scientific title 28/07/2026 PACTR Admin Effects of Acute Manipulation of Carbohydrate Availability (Train-Low Compete-Low vs Train-High Compete-High) on Sprint and Endurance Performance in Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Study Effects of Acute Carbohydrate Availability on Sprint and Middle-Distance Time-Trial Performance of Young Ethiopian Middle-Distance Runners: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Section Name Field Name Date Reason Old Value Updated Value
Recruitment Centre RecruitmentCentre List 30/06/2026 Participants were recruited from the Ethiopian Sports Academy (ESA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All screening, enrolment, and baseline assessments were conducted at the Ethiopian Sports Academy facilities. DANIEL AFEWORK, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, , Ethiopia DANIEL AFEWORK, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 21694, Ethiopia
Section Name Field Name Date Reason Old Value Updated Value
Recruitment Centre RecruitmentCentre List 30/06/2026 Participants were recruited from the Ethiopian Sports Academy (ESA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All screening, enrolment, and baseline assessments were conducted at the Ethiopian Sports Academy facilities. Ethiopian Sports Academy , Bole Ring Road, Near to Eperial Hotel, Addis Ababa, 21694, Ethiopia
Section Name Field Name Date Reason Old Value Updated Value
Ethics Ethics List 30/06/2026 The initial submission contained a low-resolution copy of the ethics approval letter that was not fully legible. This has been replaced with a clear, authenticated version of the original document. TRUE, College of Natural and Computational Science Inistiutional Review Board Committee , King George VI street, Addis Ababa, 1176, Ethiopia, , 14 Apr 2022, +251111239472, dean_cns@aau.edu.et, 42575_38886_4737.pdf TRUE, College of Natural and Computational Science Inistiutional Review Board Committee , King George VI street, Addis Ababa, 1176, Ethiopia, , 14 Apr 2022, +251111239472, dean_cns@aau.edu.et, 42575_38886_4737.pdf