ASA physical status II & III, aged 18–65 years, scheduled for elective surgery, and known to be hypertensive with good control ( blood pressure lower than 140/90), were included in the study. |
Patients were excluded if they have known allergy to any of the study drugs, arterial blood pressure more than 140/90, preoperative arrhythmias, tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats per minute), bradycardia (heart rate < 50 beats per minute), second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, coronary artery disease, , previous cerebrovascular accident, renal or liver impairment, obesity (body mass index>30), and suspected difficult intubation. |
Adolescent: 13 Year-18 Year,Adult: 19 Year-44 Year,Middle Aged: 45 Year(s)-64 Year(s) |
18 Year(s) |
64 Year(s) |
Both |